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樂齡益智手作:從香茅煉精油認識客家文化(彭宏源老師)
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2022-07-15~2022-07-31
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講師以客語介紹客家先民用古窯提煉香茅精油的程序及作法、香茅療效、香茅油的生活應用,並透過講師及助教的教學引導下,實際動手作香茅皂過程,沈浸及享受客語文化的薫陶與洗禮。
講師:彭宏源老師、張羽雅助教
本活動需報名,限55歲以上長者參加(請填正確出生年月日)>>
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名額35位,候補5位;如不克出席,敬請自行上系統取消,或來電、email通知,無故不出席易造成材料浪費,與影響其他參加者權益,本館將保留審核下次報名資格之權力。
從香茅煉精油認識客家文化/彭宏源老師
老師一開始先說香茅在客語稱為「hiongˊmauˇ」。它屬於單子葉禾本科植物,是外來種植物,原產地是在熱帶錫蘭、爪哇、麻六甲半島等南洋地區,它的繁殖力強,對生育地的條件不挑剔,管理粗放。因為內含香茅醇、檸檬醛及芳樟醇等成分,可作藥用,具祛風、鎮咳、溫胃、助消化和止癢之功效。可以提煉出香茅油作為香料工業、肥皂及美容保養品產業,具有很高的經濟價值,香茅中只有檸檬香茅才可以食用,其他則不行。
由於香茅生性強健,貧瘠土壤亦無妨,栽植環境大多於山坡地,其砂質壤土的排水良好,因此在苗栗三義郷許多植物種不太起來地方卻很適合香茅生長,所以三義及大湖郷山區種有許香茅。老師說香茅種植後,第2、3年的產量較高,第5或6年之後須重新栽植,不然,產量逐年降低。600公斤的香茅草約可提煉出5公斤香茅油,早年間臺灣的香茅油產量位居全世界第一位、佔全世界產量的60%以上,年產200萬公斤,其中90%外銷,而苗栗縣的產量則占全省之80%,絕大部分產在大湖、三義,香茅成了客家地區的重要產業,依賴它維生的人很多。但隨著化學工業盛行後,這樣的傳統產業便漸漸落沒了。
講到香茅的應用,老師說在端午節當天,居民把艾納香(大風草)、艾、金劍草、楓香、菖蒲、山埔姜和樟樹枝葉用香茅或白茅束成一把,掛於門旁,晚上則取下泡熱水,供家人洗澡,這是客家人流傳的民間習俗;此外,婦女在生產前,家中長輩會準備大風草,並用香茅草捆成「草結」,有時還會加上金劍草、香蒲的莖葉,除可增強藥效,也多了香氣與避邪作用,可保母子平安。為了推廣香茅的應用,政府單位積極協助民間開發出許多香茅的產品,包括:香茅油、沐浴乳、香茅膏、香茅純露、香茅手工皂、化妝品、茶飲等等。
在介紹完香茅的植物、生長特性、產業與應用的過程中,老師同時分享幾則影片,讓大家對香茅有更深一層的認識、不會把香茅誤認為野草(按:是小編才會誤認)。接下來的手工皂製作體驗時間,老師先介紹香茅皂製作的材料、過程,並播放一則製作影片,希望讓大家接下來的實際體驗實作,可以更得心應手。由於參與的人數較多,因此將人員分成六組,並分兩批參與實作。
吳助教請小幫手們及本館志工一起先ready好電磁爐、大鋼鍋、鋼杯、溫度計、攪拌棒、水後,再發給每一位學員一人一塊皂基、皂模、貼紙,每個人將自己手中的皂基切成1公分大小的小丁,一起集中放入鋼杯中隔水加熱至70度,中間還要放入綠茶粉、且不斷攪拌,快接近70°C時再倒入純香茅精油,待數均勻溶解後,再倒入皂模中、倒約9分滿,等較冷卻後再貼上貼紙。第一批學員完成作品後,再由第二批學員上場實作,在實作的過程中,大家不僅親自動手作、許多人還仔細的記錄整個過程,滿滿的筆記,見證大家的認真學習,等所有學員都完成一份手工皂作品後,大夥便集合與辛苦的彭老師及負傷排除萬難前來的吳助教一起大合照,許多人說希望這樣的課可以再開第二次
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